說明
Tropical forests, which cover less than 10% of the total land area, harbor 50-90% of the known terrestrial plant and animal species and forest biodiversity underpins most of the forest ecosystem services (MEA 2005; Seppala et al. 2009; FAO 2010). They are the richest biological communities on earth and these forests have been recognized to harbor a significant proportion of global biodiversity (Myers et al 2000; Baraloto et al 2013) and also provide an estimated 1.6 billion people with livelihood systems and wood (World Bank 2004; FAO 2010). These forests provide many ecosystem services such as species conservation, prevention of soil erosion, and preservation of habitat for plants and animals (Armenteras et al 2009). According to the mapping done on the 2013 satellite imagery data as part of the National Forest Inventory (NFI), in Togo, forest cover represents 24.24% of the country's total area (MERF, 2016). This forest cover consists mainly of dense forests, riparian forests, open forests, dense woodlands and forest relics. Changes in land use have resulted in the vulnerability of the country's forest ecosystems, whose area is shrinking significantly every year, in favor of savannas and farmland (MERF, 2018). Overexploitation has resulted in the rapid loss of forests and is recognized to be one of the biggest environmental and economic problems around the world (Mani and Parthasarathy, 2006). Tropical forests are disappearing at alarming rates worldwide, reducing annually by 1-4% of their current area (Laurance, 1999). Relatively increased anthropogenic pressures have led to agricultural expansion and overgrazing of livestock (Anitha et al 2010). In fact, between 1975 and 2010, Togo's forests have lost nearly 33% of their land area (USGS EROS, 2013) and Togo is among the countries with the highest net loss as a percentage of forests (FAO, 2011). These growing deforestation and degradation phenomena limit the ability of forest ecosystems to provide their vital goods and services to the population. In order to conserve biological diversity, since the colonial period, Togo has constituted a vast network of protected areas, including national parks, classified forests and wildlife reserves. This network of 83 protected areas is estimated at about 14% of the national land. Thus, protection and restoration of habitats, which enhance biodiversity and productivity, could directly benefit communities dependent on these forest resources (Heywood 1995; Reddy & Ugle 2008). But in 1990, following the socio-political unrest, these protected areas suffered a major degradation resulting in flooding, overgrazing, illegal and excessive resources exploitation of these protected areas. To reverse the trend, the Government has adopted in 2003 a standard protected area management framework aimed at restoring and securing about 10.21% of the national territory (MERF, 2008). Identified as a priority protected area and to strengthen its management, the wildlife reserve of Djamdè was granted to the company TOGO-FAUNE in 2003, for 99 years. It is within the framework of this concession that the company named TOGO-FAUNE, with technical support of the Ministry of the Environment and Forest Resources (MERF) commissioned studies including the forest inventory of Djamdè reserve, for the elaboration of its management plan. The present dataset is developed to 1) show the importance of Djamdè Wildlife Reserve in term of biodiversity conservation in Togo, 2) promote public-private partnership in protected areas management, and 3) launch a funds call for the development and management plan for this protected area.
資料紀錄
此資源出現紀錄的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 126 筆紀錄。
此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Radji R (2018): Djamde Wildlife Reserve in Togo: diversity of woody species. v1.3. Direction des Ressources Forestières (DRF). Dataset/Occurrence. http://ipt-togo.gbif.fr/resource?r=reserve_djamde&v=1.3
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Direction des Ressources Forestières (DRF)。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: 966b3e29-f1e4-4190-badd-100bc989788f。 Direction des Ressources Forestières (DRF) 發佈此資源，並經由GBIF Togo同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
Occurrence; biodiversity; woody species; Djamdé; wildlife reserve; Togo; poaching; wood fuel; vegetation fires; vulnerable species
聯絡資訊
- 出處
http://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-2903
- 連絡人
- 使用者 ●
- 連絡人
地理涵蓋範圍
Djamdè Wildlife Reserve is located in the Kozah prefecture (Kara region in northern Togo) (Figure 1), between 9° 31' and 9 ° 35' north latitude and 1° 01' and 1° 05' longitude East. The area of this faunal Reserve is characterized by a Sudano-Guinean climate, marked by two distinct seasons: a dry one from November to April with high temperatures reaching 38-40 °C between March and a rainy season from April to October, with maximum rainfall in August and September. The average annual rainfall is around 1,300 mm and the average temperature is 26 °C. Coordinates: 9°26'31.2''N and 9°34'51.6''N Latitude; 1°1'30''E and 1°6'28.8''E Longitude, Altitude 520 m.
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [9.265, 1.236], 緯度北界 經度東界 [9.343, 1.417] |
|---|
分類群涵蓋範圍
Harvested woody plants have been identified up to species level and IUCN status. The dataset contains 126 woody species (Tableau 1) belonging to 40 families (Figure 2) and 94 genera. The most represented families in terms of species are: Fabaceae (28), Combretaceae and Rubiaceae (12), Moraceae (9) and Verbenaceae (5). Dominant genera are Ficus (7 species), Combretum (5) and Terminalia (4). According to the IUCN Red List, 11 (8.73%) of the listed species have an extinction risk status (Figure 3). In detail, these are 4 vulnerable species (Khaya senegalensis, Pouteria alnifolia, Afzelia africana and Albizzia ferruginea), 1 near threatened species (Milicia excelsa) and 5 species of minor concern (Acacia hockii, Detarium microcarpum, Dichrostachys cinerea, Pterocarpus santalinoides, Isoberlinia doka).
| Kingdom | Plantae |
|---|
時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2015-05-05 / 2016-05-20 |
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計畫資料
Collection of the data in the field was funded by TOGO-FAUNE with technical support of the Forest Resources Office (DRF). Indeed, since the concession of the management of the reserve to Togo-Fauna, many achievements have been made in terms of management. Among others, let's mention: - the fauna enrichment with two white rhinos, twenty-eight zebras, thirty-five wildebeest coming from South Africa; three elephants from Burkina Faso and fifteen Nyala, buffaloes and sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) from Sarakawa ranching; - the fence of the reserve with electrified wire over 44.6 km of perimeter; the construction of an automobile workshop, a shed, an administrative building, ten visitors houses, two boreholes, an animal sick-bay and seven guard posts along the perimeter of the reserve.
| 計畫名稱 | Development and Management Plan of Djamdè Wildlife Reserve: 2014-2023 period. |
|---|---|
| 辨識碼 | BID-AF2015-0004-NAC |
| 經費來源 | The company TOGO-FAUNE invests monthly more than 36K €, for the infrastructures maintenance and the workers’ salaries. The implementation of this project planned to last ten years (2014-2023), provides an estimated budget of 750K€. |
| 研究區域描述 | According to the ecofloristic distribution proposed by Ern (1979), the Djamdè Wildlife Reserve is located in Togo Ecological Zone II (Figure 1) which is covered with a mosaic of dry forests of mountain and forest galleries. The climate is Sudano-Guinean. It is targeting by one rainy season (April-October) and one dry season (October-March). The rainy season is characterized by the Harmattan that is a dry and cold wind. Rainfall is irregular and reaches 1200-1300 mm of water per year. The soils are thin and contain a high proportion of coarse elements. Ferruginous tropical soils are also present. |
| 研究設計描述 | Based on the potentialities and constraints of the reserve, the management plan aims to ensure the sustainable management of its resources; particularly its wildlife resources, through their valorization and effective monitoring, in the perspective of harmonious development of local communities. Specifically: (i) strengthen the organizational and institutional management of the protected area, (ii) consolidate the biological resources monitoring system, (iii) develop tourism, hunting sport and - alternative viable and beneficial socioeconomics activities to local people; with a minimal environmental impact on resources; iv) promote research and ecological monitoring system. |
參與計畫的人員:
- 元數據提供者
- 元數據提供者
取樣方法
Floristic inventory was carried out according to the phytosociological stigmatism method of Braun-Blanquet (1932) used in many phytosociological studies in the West African subregion (Akpagana 1989, Sinsin 1993, Kokou, 1998, Wala 2004, Dourma 2008). Sixty (60) survey plots were installed along 10 transects. The size of the plots is 30m * 30m in the savannah and 50m x 5m along the streams. All the plant species present in each plot were noted and assigned an abundance-dominance coefficient according to the Braun Blanquet scale (1932). (+: rare species, recovery of 0-1%, 1 = recovery of 1-5%, 2 = recovery of 5-25%, 3 = recovery of 25-50%, 4 = recovery of 50-75%; = recovery from 75-100%).
| 研究範圍 | The dataset was collected between May 2015 and May 2016. |
|---|---|
| 品質控管 | Dataset described was updated to match APG classification of angiosperm families (APGIII, 2003). Identification, spelling and authorship of all species was checked using local Togo (Brunel et al., 1984) and Benin (Akoègninou et al., 2006) flora and confirmed against online databases (www.ipni.org; http://www.theplantlist.org/, http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/recherche.php IUCN status of each species was obtained using www.iucnredlist.org. |
方法步驟描述:
- The dataset described in this paper was collected over a period of four years. Method step description: a sampling plan was developed for Djamdè Wildlife Reserve from cartographic. A square mesh was made from Arcview 3.2 software. This mesh has made it possible to have plots over the whole reserve. Data collection sheets were manually undressed and the raw data is then compiled using the Excel. Frequency calculations of species number per family were made on the basis of data compiled through analysis of pivot tables in Excel.
額外的詮釋資料
| 替代的識別碼 | 966b3e29-f1e4-4190-badd-100bc989788f |
|---|---|
| http://ipt-togo.gbif.fr/resource?r=reserve_djamde |